首页 学生生活 学生服务 第九条 不正当的性行为

不正当的性行为

政策及程序

内布拉斯加州法律将各种暴力和/或未经双方同意的性行为定义为犯罪. 另外, 中央社区学院定义了性行为不端的类别，根据本政策可能会采取行动. 一般来说, 学院认为未经双方同意的性行为是最严重的，因此通常会施加最严厉的制裁, 包括 suspension or expulsion for students and termination for employees. 然而, the college reserves the right to impose any level of sanction, ranging from a reprimand up to suspension or expulsion/termination, for any act of sexual misconduct or other 性别-based offenses, 包括 intimate partner or relationship (dating and/or domestic) 暴力, 未经同意的性接触和跟踪基于事实和情况的特殊申诉.

性行为不端被定义为任何人对另一个人犯下的行为, 无论性别如何, 性别, 性取向 and/or 性别 identity of those involved. Use of alcohol or other drugs will never function to excuse any behavior.

性骚扰 

The Department of Education’s Office for Civil Rights (OCR), the Equal 就业 Opportunity Commission (EEOC), and the state of Nebraska regard 性骚扰, a specific form of discriminatory harassment, as an unlawful discriminatory practice. 中央社区学院采用了以下性骚扰的定义，以解决学术社区的独特环境.  Acts of sexual harassment may be committed by any person upon any other person, 无论性别如何, 性取向, and/or 性别 identity of those involved. 性骚扰, 作为一个总括类别, includes the offenses of sexual harassment, 性侵犯, 家庭暴力, 约会暴力, 和被人跟踪, 定义为:

Conduct on the basis of sex that satisfies one or more of the following:

  1. 交换条件:
    • an employee of the 中央社区学院,
    • 为中央社区学院提供援助、福利或服务设定条件;
    • on an individual’s participation in unwelcome sexual conduct; and/or
  2. 性骚扰:
    • 不受欢迎的行为, 
    • determined by a reasonable person,
    • 如此严厉，而且
    • 无处不在,
    • 客观地进攻, 
    • 它实际上剥夺了一个人平等参加中央社区学院教育项目或活动的机会.[1]
  3. 性侵犯，定义为:
    • 性犯罪，暴力:
      • Any sexual act directed against another person, 
      • without the consent of the Complainant, 
      • 包括 instances in which the Complainant is incapable of giving consent.
    • 强行强奸:
      • 渗透, 
      • 无论多么微不足道， 
      • of the vagina or anus with any body part or object, or
      • oral penetration by a sex organ of another person, 
      • without the consent of the Complainant.
    • 强行鸡奸:
      • Oral or anal sexual intercourse with another person, 
      • 强制,
      • and/or against that person’s will (不经同意ly), or 
      • 在投诉人因年龄而无法给予同意的情况下，不得强迫或违背当事人的意愿[2] or because of temporary or permanent mental or physical incapacity.
    • 用物体性侵犯:
      • The use of an object or instrument to penetrate, 
      • 然而,
      • the genital or anal opening of the body of another person,
      • 强制,
      • and/or against that person’s will (不经同意ly),
      • 或在投诉人因年龄或因暂时或永久精神或身体丧失行为能力而无法给予同意的情况下，不得强迫或违背该人的意愿.
    • 强行爱抚:
      • 触摸另一个人的私处(臀部，腹股沟，乳房)，
      • for the purpose of sexual gratification,
      • 强制,
      • and/or against that person’s will (不经同意ly),
      • 或在投诉人因年龄或因暂时或永久精神或身体丧失行为能力而无法给予同意的情况下，不得强迫或违背该人的意愿.
    • 非强制性犯罪:
      • 乱伦:
        • Non-forcible sexual intercourse,
        • between persons who are related to each other,
        • within the degrees wherein marriage is prohibited by Nebraska law. 
      • 法定强奸罪:
        • Non-forcible sexual intercourse,
        • 根据内布拉斯加州的法律，与未满16岁的法定同意年龄的人发生性关系.
  4. 约会暴力，定义为:
    • 暴力,
    • 基于性别，
    • 由某人犯下的罪行;
    • 谁与投诉人有或曾经有浪漫或亲密的社会关系.
      • 该关系的存在应根据投诉人的陈述并考虑该关系的持续时间来确定, 关系的类型, and the frequency of interaction between the persons involved in the relationship. For the purposes of this definition—
      • 约会暴力包括, 但不限于, sexual or physical abuse or the threat of such abuse.
      • 约会暴力不包括家庭暴力定义所涵盖的行为.
  5. 家庭暴力，定义为:
    • 暴力,
    • 基于性别，
    • committed by a current or former spouse or intimate partner of the Complainant,
    • by a person with whom the Complainant shares a child in common, or
    • by a person who is cohabitating with, 或与…同居, the Complainant as a spouse or intimate partner, or
    • 根据内布拉斯加州的家庭暴力或家庭暴力法，投诉人受保护免受该人的行为侵害.
      *To categorize an incident as Domestic Violence, 被投诉人和投诉人之间的关系必须不只是两个人作为室友住在一起. 同居的人必须是现任或前任配偶或有亲密关系.
  6. 跟踪，定义为:
    • engaging in a course of conduct,
    • 基于性别，
    • directed at a specific person, that
      • would cause a reasonable person to fear for the person’s safety, or
      • the safety of others; or
      • Suffer substantial emotional distress.
    • For the purposes of this definition—
      • Course of conduct means two or more acts, 包括, 但不限于, acts in which the Respondent directly, 间接, 或者通过第三方, 通过任何行动, 方法, 设备, 或者意味着, 遵循, 监控, 观察, 监视, 威胁, or communicates to or about a person, or interferes with a person’s property.
      • 通情达理的人是指在类似情况下与投诉人具有相似身份的通情达理的人.
      • 实质性的情绪困扰是指严重的精神痛苦或痛苦，可能但不一定需要医疗或其他专业治疗或咨询. 

-如用于上述罪行，下列定义和理解适用:

力量: 武力是使用身体暴力和/或身体强迫来获得性接触. 武力也包括威胁, 恐吓(暗含的威胁), and coercion that is intended to overcome resistance or produce consent (e.g., “Have sex with me or I’ll hit you,” “Okay, don’t hit me, I’ll do what you want.”).

Sexual activity that is 力d is, 通过定义, 不经同意, but 不经同意 sexual activity is not necessarily 力d. Silence or the absence of resistance alone is not consent. 同意 is not demonstrated by the absence of resistance. 虽然抵抗不是必需的，也不是必须的，但这是不同意的明确表现.

强迫:强制是 不合理的 性行为压力. 强迫行为与引诱行为的不同之处在于为获得同意而施加的压力的类型和/或程度等因素. 当某人明确表示他们不想从事某些性活动时, 他们想要停止, or that they do not want to go past a certain point of sexual interaction, continued pressure beyond that point can be coercive.

同意 is:

  • 知道,
  • 自愿的,和
  • 明确的许可
  • 通过言语或行动
  • 从事性活动.

Since individuals may experience the same interaction in different ways, 每一方都有责任在参与活动之前确定对方是否同意. 

If consent is not clearly provided prior to engaging in the activity, 同意可以在互动过程中或之后的某个时刻通过言语或行动来批准, but clear communication from the outset is strongly encouraged. 

同意是有效的, 必须在言语或行为上明确表示对方同意该特定的性行为. Reasonable reciprocation can be implied. 例如, 如果有人吻你, you can kiss them back (if you want to) without the need to explicitly obtain 他们的 同意对方回吻. 

同意 can also be withdrawn once given, as long as the withdrawal is reasonably and clearly communicated. 如果撤回同意，性行为应该在合理的时间内停止.

同意某些性接触(如亲吻或爱抚)不能被推定为同意其他性活动(如性交). 目前或以前的亲密关系并不足以构成同意. 

同意或不同意的证明不是事件中任何一方的负担. 而不是, 中央社区学院仍有责任确定其政策是否被违反. 同意的存在是基于在相同或类似情况下从理性人的角度评估的情况的总体, 包括 the context in which the alleged incident occurred and any similar, previous patterns that may be evidenced. 

同意 in relationships must also be considered in context. 当双方同意BDSM[3] or other forms of kink, non-consent may be shown by the use of a safe word. 电阻, 力, 暴力, or even saying “no” may be part of the kink and thus consensual, 因此，中央社区学院对扭结情境下的沟通评估应以合理性为指导, 而不是严格遵守假定非扭结关系为默认值的策略.